Just to report a hardware test:
I am using a generic USB sound card. I was having problems getting sound from Youtube (Firefox), although I had gotten it working with everything else (Amarok, Mpllayer, etc).
Following Textar's instructions worked for me, with one minor variant:
When going to the sound configuration from PCC, it says that "No Sound Card has been detected on your machine." Apparently, the PCC app is not able to detect such USB card.
I manually did the changes to /etc/modprobe.conf, /etc/sysconfig/pulseaudio, and the /etc/alternatives/soundprofile symlink; and I got sound in Firefox! Sound in Amarok and Mplayer is still working OK; so this solution seems to work with generic USB sound cards.
Hope this helps.